Journal: European Burn Journal

Article Title: The Role of Angiopoietin-2 in Post-Burn Pneumonia

doi: 10.3390/ebj7010001

Figure Lengend Snippet: Early elevation of Angiopoietin-2 and Ang-2/1 ratio in patient serum correlates with 30-day mortality. Burn patients were prospectively enrolled and serum was isolated and evaluated via ELISA for Angiopoietin-1 and 2. Dark blue dots represent patients who did not develop pneumonia within 30 days of burn, and red dots represent patients who did develop pneumonia within 30 days of burn. ( A ) Post-burn day 2 (PBD2) serum Ang-2 and ( B ) PBD2 Ang-2/1 ratio for patients that did not (−) and did (+) develop pneumonia within 30 days of injury (( A ) p < 0.05, ( B ) p < 0.01). ( C ) Post-burn day 3 (PBD3) serum Ang-2 and ( D ) PBD3 Ang-2/1 ratio (( C ) p < 0.0001, ( D ) p < 0.01). Significance was analyzed via Mann–Whitney U-test, ** p < 0.01, **** p < 0.0001, PBD2 (−) n = 21, (+) n = 10, PBD3 (−) n = 23, (+) n = 7.

Article Snippet: Plasma Angiopoietin-2 levels were determined using Mouse & Rat Angiopoietin-2 Quantikine ELISA Kit (R&D Systems Cat. MANG20) using a 1:40 dilution of plasma in technical duplicate and reported as ng of Ang-2/mL of plasma.

Techniques: Isolation, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, MANN-WHITNEY

Journal: European Burn Journal

Article Title: The Role of Angiopoietin-2 in Post-Burn Pneumonia

doi: 10.3390/ebj7010001

Figure Lengend Snippet: Elevated plasma Angiopoietin-2 and downstream pulmonary mediators in a murine model of burn injury. Heparinized plasma was collected one day after burn or sham injury and evaluated for Ang-2 via ELISA. Dark blue dots represent mice that received sham injury, red dots represent mice that received burn injury. ( A ) Plasma Ang-2 was significantly increased in burn mice compared to sham. ( B ) Representative IHC of Ang-2 in sham and burn lungs. ( C – H ) Lung tissue was flash frozen one day after burn injury and then isolated for RNA, and RT-qPCR was performed with GAPDH as housekeeping control. ( C ) RT-qPCR expression of Tek, the transcript for the TIE2 receptor, was significantly elevated in burn lungs compared to sham ( p < 0.01). ( D ) Tek expression positively correlated with plasma Ang-2 levels (simple-linear regression, R 2 = 0.5655, p < 0.01). ( E ) Tnip2, the transcript of ABIN2, and ( F ) Pik3r1, a subunit of PI3K, were both significantly upregulated in the lungs following burn injury. ( G ) ICAM-1 and ( H ) VCAM-1 were also both significantly upregulated in the lungs following burn injury. For two-group analysis, significance was analyzed by unpaired t -test, n = 6–8 animals per group, ** p < 0.01, **** p < 0.0001. ( I – L ) Lung expression of Tnip2, Pik3r1, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 all positively correlated with plasma Ang-2 levels (simple-linear regression, p < 0.001).

Article Snippet: Plasma Angiopoietin-2 levels were determined using Mouse & Rat Angiopoietin-2 Quantikine ELISA Kit (R&D Systems Cat. MANG20) using a 1:40 dilution of plasma in technical duplicate and reported as ng of Ang-2/mL of plasma.

Techniques: Clinical Proteomics, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Isolation, Quantitative RT-PCR, Control, Expressing

Journal: European Burn Journal

Article Title: The Role of Angiopoietin-2 in Post-Burn Pneumonia

doi: 10.3390/ebj7010001

Figure Lengend Snippet: Pulmonary neutrophil infiltration correlates with plasma Angiopoietin-2. Dark blue dots represent mice that received sham injury, red dots represent mice that received burn injury. ( A ) Representative H&E of lungs of sham and burn mice. ( B ) Neutrophils were counted in 6 high-powered fields in 3 mice each of sham and burn ( p < 0.0001). ( C ) Lung RT-qPCR of chemokine Cxcl1 was elevated in burn compared to sham ( p < 0.05) and ( H ) positively correlated with plasma Ang-2 ( p < 0.01). ( D – G ) Neutrophil markers ( D ) Lcn2 ( p < 0.01), ( E ) Ly6g ( p = 0.0737), ( F ) s100a8 ( p < 0.05), and ( G ) s100a9 ( p < 0.05) were elevated in burn compared to sham and ( I – L ) all positively correlated with plasma Ang-2 levels ( p < 0.05). For two-group analysis, significance was analyzed by unpaired t -test and correlation assessed by simple-linear regression, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, **** p < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: Plasma Angiopoietin-2 levels were determined using Mouse & Rat Angiopoietin-2 Quantikine ELISA Kit (R&D Systems Cat. MANG20) using a 1:40 dilution of plasma in technical duplicate and reported as ng of Ang-2/mL of plasma.

Techniques: Clinical Proteomics, Quantitative RT-PCR

Journal: Molecular Therapy. Nucleic Acids

Article Title: mRNA-1273 is placenta-permeable and immunogenic in the fetus

doi: 10.1016/j.omtn.2025.102489

Figure Lengend Snippet: Anti-spike cellular immunity in dams and their pups after maternal mRNA-1273 vaccination during pregnancy (A and B) After maternal vaccination with 4 μg mRNA-1273 twice, the dams and pups were examined for spike-specific lymphocyte proliferation by the readout of incorporated tritium in vitro . Splenic lymphocytes of both dams ( p = 0.001) and pups ( p < 0.001) proliferated specifically in response to spike, as opposed to those with maternal saline injection. Besides, the dams ( p = 0.004) and pups ( p < 0.001) with maternal mRNA-1273 vaccination were superior in spike-specific lymphocyte proliferation to their respective saline controls. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) was the third-party stimulators, and Con-A was a mitogen to non-specifically stimulate T cells. (C and D) IFN- γ - and IL-2 ELISpot images in triplicate shown were from a representative dam and pup with maternal mRNA-1273 (4 μg) or saline vaccination during pregnancy. Both groups exhibited heightened frequencies of IFN- γ - and IL-2-secreting T cells, as compared with their respective control counterparts. Error bar charts display the boxed areas of 95% confidence intervals for the means as box-crossing horizontal lines.

Article Snippet: Murine IFN-γ/IL-2-secreting T cells were quantified by mouse IFN-γ and IL-2 ELISpot Kits according to the manufacturer’s instructions (R&D Systems).

Techniques: In Vitro, Saline, Injection, Enzyme-linked Immunospot, Control

Journal: Molecular Therapy. Nucleic Acids

Article Title: mRNA-1273 is placenta-permeable and immunogenic in the fetus

doi: 10.1016/j.omtn.2025.102489

Figure Lengend Snippet: Immunological consequences of in utero mRNA-1273 injection GD14 FVB/N fetuses were subjected to intraperitoneal injection of mRNA-1273 (IU mRNA-1273, n = 19). (A and B) Postnatally, serum anti-spike IgG 1 /IgG 2a was examined at the age of 1 month. IU mRNA-1273 led to significantly higher titers of anti-spike IgG 1 /IgG 2a , as compared with in utero saline injection (IU saline, n = 9). Serum anti-spike IgG 1 /IgG 2a gradually decreased within postnatal 3 months. Circles interconnected by a line represent IgG 1 /IgG 2a levels measured at 1 (M1), 2 (M2), and 3 (M3) months old from an individual mouse ( n = 11). (C) Lymphocyte proliferation in response to spike protein was measured by the readout of incorporated tritium ( n = 4) as counts per minute (cpm). Medium only was used as background controls, BSA as third-party stimulators, and Con-A as a mitogen to stimulate the T cell population. IU mRNA-1273 significantly proliferated specifically in response to spike protein ( p < 0.027), whereas IU saline ( n = 4) failed to show lymphocyte proliferation under spike protein stimulation. There was a significant difference in lymphocyte proliferation under spike protein stimulation between IU mRNA-1273 and IU saline ( p < 0.006). Rectangles within a dataset represent 95% confidence intervals for the means, which are shown as transverse lines crossing the rectangles. (D) Spike-reactive IFN- γ - and IL-2-secreting cells of splenic lymphocytes were enumerated by ELISpot. Figures showed the spots with their counts from the representative mice of IU mRNA-1273 and IU saline. The frequency of spike-reactive IFN- γ - and IL-2-secreting T cells was calculated by the mean of ELISpot readouts (triplicates) divided by the CD3 + cell ratio of splenic lymphocytes in each individual mouse.

Article Snippet: Murine IFN-γ/IL-2-secreting T cells were quantified by mouse IFN-γ and IL-2 ELISpot Kits according to the manufacturer’s instructions (R&D Systems).

Techniques: In Utero, Injection, Saline, Enzyme-linked Immunospot